InFrontier AF LP v. Rahmani, 2026 ONCA 289, was an appeal from an order enforcing an arbitral award made in Dubai. The primary issue was whether the application judge erred in considering the law of Dubai (the seat) in considering whether the arbitral procedure accorded with the parties’ agreement after the arbitration proceeded under a different institution and Rules regime than the ones specified in the parties’ agreement. The application judge found that the parties had agreed to procedural Rules that contemplated an amendment and that the new Rules were an amendment of the Rules specified by the parties in their agreement. The Court dismissed the appeal and accorded the application judge significant deference, finding that there was no extricable legal error in his interpretation of the parties’ agreed procedure.
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